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What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder characterised by the immune system’s attack on the body’s joint linings, leading to chronic inflammation, pain, and swelling. This condition affects joints and can impact various organs, contributing to a wide array of systemic symptoms such as fatigue and fever. The hallmark of RA is its symmetrical joint involvement, typically affecting hands, wrists, and knees, which can result in significant disability and reduced quality of life over time.
Non-Pharmacological Treatment Options
Physical Therapy and Exercise
Engaging in tailored physical therapy and regular low-impact exercises, such as walking, swimming, or yoga, can help in maintaining joint mobility, reducing stiffness, and enhancing muscle strength. These activities help manage RA symptoms and improve overall physical function without exacerbating joint pain.
Diet and Lifestyle Changes
Adopting a balanced diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods can play a role in managing RA inflammation. Incorporating omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish and flaxseeds, as well as antioxidants from fruits and vegetables, can support overall health. Reducing processed foods and sugars is also recommended to decrease inflammation levels.
Pharmacological Treatment Options
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen and naproxen, offer relief from RA pain and inflammation. They are often used for symptom management but do not slow the progression of the disease.
Disease-modifying antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs)
DMARDs, including methotrexate, sulfasalazine, and hydroxychloroquine, are cornerstone treatments for RA. They can slow disease progression and prevent joint and tissue damage. Regular monitoring is necessary to manage potential side effects.
Biologic Agents and JAK Inhibitors
Biologic DMARDs target specific parts of the immune system involved in the inflammation process of RA. Examples include TNF inhibitors, interleukin-6 inhibitors, and JAK inhibitors. These medications can be highly effective but require monitoring for infections and other side effects.
Coreflex Injections
Coreflex Injections swiftly reduce inflammation and pain, while also minimizing joint damage. Comprising a corticosteroid and a local anesthetic, these injections offer immediate relief. They alleviate pain and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal conditions like arthritis, bursitis, tendinitis, and joint discomfort.
Surgical Treatment Options
Synovectomy
Synovectomy involves the surgical removal of the inflamed synovium (joint lining) to reduce pain and swelling in the affected joint. This procedure is considered when medication does not sufficiently control symptoms and is commonly performed on knees, elbows, and wrists.
Joint Replacement Surgery
For joints severely damaged by RA, joint replacement surgery (arthroplasty) can restore function and relieve pain. This involves replacing the damaged parts of the joint with artificial components and is most frequently performed on hips and knees.
Tendon Repair
RA can lead to tendon inflammation and rupture. Tendon repair surgery is aimed at fixing the damaged tendons around the joints to improve function and reduce pain. This may involve direct repair of the tendons or using grafts from other tendons or synthetic materials.
Conclusion
Effective management of Rheumatoid Arthritis requires a comprehensive approach combining lifestyle modifications, minimally invasive treatments, and possibly surgery. Staying proactive about treatment options can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life. Personalizing the treatment plan to the individual’s needs and condition progression can help manage RA effectively. Consult our sports medicine specialist today.
